Here are a few of the disc drives I have on my desk. I might have a few more in the storage. I have a Toshiba HD-DVD drive on the top left, an LG UHD BD drive on the top right, a Pioneer BD drive on the bottom left and a Apple SuperDrive on the bottom right. I am pretty sure all of these would work with Kaleidescape.
The USB 2.0 interface has 5V on its power pins and can carry up to 0.5A of current but it is not a requirement. Some disc drives use the 2.5W* on the USB interface to power themselves. Kaleidescape requires the drive to be self powered with its own power supply which indicates that the USB ports on the Terra doesn't have a 2.5W power budget.
The USB 3.0 interface is newer and brings some improvements over the USB 2.0 protocol. The most prominent one is much faster transfer speeds. The spinning disc drives have difficulty saturating the USB 2.0 bandwidth because they simply can't read fast enough. So it is rare to have a disc drive with the USB 3.0 interface. Nevertheless the USB 3.0 protocol is fully backwards compatible and it will work without issue with USB 2.0 devices.
Most of these PC/MAC disc drives have the plug and play (PnP) protocol which allows them to transfer the raw "read" data to another PnP compatible device such as a PC, MAC, Linux, Android and iOS device. In this protocol, the disc drive simply appear as a storage drive similar to a flash drive. So the connected PnP capable device can see the data on the disc but may require additional software to execute it. For example older versions of Windows such as Windows 7 or Vista included DVD decryption, decoding and playback software so they could play a DVD. Windows 10 and later dropped this capability. Although they can read and see the data on a DVD, they can't play it unless you install a 3rd party DVD playback software such as PowerDVD or VLC media player.
I don't know for sure but if I must take a guess the Kaleidescape OS is most likely based on Linux so the PnP protocol is inheritably there. Any portable disc drive designed to be connected to a computer and doesn't require proprietary software drivers should work with Kaleidescape.
*5V x 0.5A = 2.5W.
Edit: I realized I failed to mention DVD, Blu-ray, HD-DVD and UHD Blu-ray are encrypted and requires hardware decryption. Therefore, the disc drive is responsible for decrypting these discs. For instance, the Pioneer BD-XL drive in the picture below can read discs with up to 4 layers and 100GB. Since it doesn't have the necessary hardware based decryption capabilities, it can't transfer data from UHD BD discs.
Fun experiment: Now, do I want to try the Toshiba HD-DVD drive and try cataloging a HD-DVD?
(I bought nearly the entire HD-DVD catalog of about 400 titles when the format war was over and they were each $5 while Blu-rays were still above $30. Unfortunately, the manufacturing methods were very poor at the time and only a fraction of these play today. The entire Warner catalog rotted in only a few years).